Ba caractéristiques ya formation na performance ya service ya caoutchouc e dépend surtout na structure interne ya caoutchouc.
(1) Structure moléculaire ya caoutchouc ezali mpe lolenge ya composé macromoléculaire, mpe poids moléculaire relative ya caoutchouc ekoki kokoma na ba nkoto nkama mingi.Taille moléculaire ya composé macromoléculaire ezali fixe te, mpe masse moléculaire relative mbala mingi ezali kolobela masse moléculaire na yango ya moyenne.Poids moléculaire relative ezali na influence monene na makasi ya caoutchouc. mingi mingi{} généralement, kaka tango oyo ya molécule ekomaka na 4. Bomati ya degré ya polymérisation (indice mpo na komeka bonene ya molécule ya polymère).Kasi caoutchouc na procédé ya plastication ekosala ete ba molécules ya caoutchouc epanzana, masse moléculaire relative ezala moke, mpo na komatisaka degré ya plasticité, kobongisa ba conditions ya traitement.
Na forme ya rouge géométrique ya chaîne moléculaire ya caoutchouc, ekoki kokabolama na ba types misato : type linéaire, type de chaîne branchée et type réticulé (eyebani mpe lokola type ya nzoto).Géométrie différente, na ba propriétés physiques oyo ekeseni mpenza.Chauchon ezali très flexible mpo ba atome ya carbone na chaîne ya CC ya ba molécules ya caoutchouc ekoki ko roter{3}}
(2)The aggregation state of rubber molecules is called the aggregation state.The aggregation state can be divided into three states: solid, liquid and gas.Rubber has the properties of a liquid because its molecular segments can move as freely as a low molecular liquid.Rubber also has the properties of a solid, because the whole macromolecular chain, the molecular chain can not relative displacement, can maintain a certain shape and greater Bokasi.Chauchon ezali mpe na bizaleli ya gaz, lokola module élastique emati na température mpe ebimisaka molunge ntango etandami, kaka ndenge molunge esalemaka na mbongwana ya nguya na ntango ya compression ya gaz.
(3)La caoutchouc viscoélastique ya caoutchouc ezali na élasticité ya malamu, en plus, ezali mpe na quelques caractéristiques ya liquide visqueux évident, oyo ezali surtout manifesté na développement linéaire ya déformation na yango na temps après caoutchouc ezali soumis na force, kaka ndenge liquide visqueux.D’est-à-dire, caoutchouc ezali considéré comme une matériel viscoélastique, oyo e produire une série de viscoels et de l'emplosque et de la série de viscoels et d'emplois friction. .
(4)although the rheological rubber of rubber has high elasticity, its molding processing, such as plastication, mixing, pressing or rolling, all need to be in the flow state of deformation, so the molding process is bound to involve the fluidity of rubber.Viscosity is an important parameter to characterize liquid fluidity. The viscosity of rubber is different from that of plastics, which can greatly reduce the viscosity of Bonyati na komatisaka molunge. Kasi, viscosité ya caoutchouc ezali na bopusi mingi te na température, mingi mingi na kotalela poids moléculaire relative.Kokitisa kilo ya molécule ekoki kokitisa viscosité mpe élasticité, oyo ekozala na litomba mpo na moulage ya caoutchouc.
(5)under the heating condition of vulcanization of rubber, the raw rubber in the rubber and vulcanized vitreous have a chemical reaction. The crosslinking process of rubber from linear structure to three-dimensional network structure is called vulcanization, and the vulcanized rubber is called cooked rubber.The physical, mechanical and other properties of the compound are obviously improved by vulcanization.
The change of rubber properties during vulcanization is the result of the change of molecular structure.The unvulcanized gels are linear structure macromolecules, whose molecular chains have the independence of movement, and show great plasticity, high elongation and solubility.After vulcanization of rubber macromolecules, in the molecular chain between the formation of transverse chain into a space network structure, so in addition to the secondary bond force between molecules, in the binding of Ba molécules mpe force ya liaison ya valence ya monene, yango wana caoutchouc ya kolamba koleka makasi ya traction ya caoutchouc brut ezali likolo, elongation ezali moke mpe élastique.Vulcanisation ezali procédure ya suka ya mosala na production ya ba produits ya caoutchouc.
Na bokeli ya bokeli ya ngombe, likanisi ya vulcanisation ezali mpe na bokoli ya sika, agent ya vulcanisation mpe température ya likolo ezali lisusu te ba conditions ya ntina mpo na vulcanisation, mwa biloko ya caoutchouc spéciaux ekoki kozala vulcanisé na température ya nse, ata na température ya ndako, ekoki mpe kozala na kati ya matériel ya caoutchouc kozanga agent ya vulcanisation, mpe ba méthodes physiques (lokola ba rayons gamma{0}}